Buoying and driving mechanism for flying machines



` Jan'. 25, 1927. 1,615,452

@VIA-EDEN BUOYINr AND DRIVING MECHNISM FOR FLYING MACHINES Filed Feb.18. 192e ATTORN EY Patented Jan. 25, 1927.

GUST'AF Hamann, or rome,` m Y,

BUOYING- AND'DRIVING MECHANISMTOR FLYINGMACHINES.

Application filed February shafts vbeing'provided', besides, aton'eendb'y'cranks whichfconnect with those of 'outer central-parallelcrank-shafts, operated by lower para'lilel; crankarm shafts, oscillatedbyY eccentrics,A fast: on said "crank frames,l and :thus causing ,thewing 'frames 'to' oscillate during their rotation.A

Anotherrobjectis t 4provide certain. improvements. ,in form,construction` andl ar'-l rangement of theisefveral parts whereby` theabove"andothenobjects may be edectively carried out.

A practical embodiment is represented in the accompanying drawings inwhich- Fig. I represents in front elevation a portion of a flyingmachine which includes my improved construction.

Fig. II represents a side elevation of the same.

The body of the machine, denoted by 1, provides eight bearings at eachside, namely two for each of mot-or crank shafts 3, gear and crankshafts 4;, oscillating crank arm shaft 5., and one bearing for each ofhollow gear shafts 6 and oscillating crank shaft 7.

The hollow gear shafts 6 are fast on eccentric discs 8 which are fast onouter sides of crank frames 9 and are placed at 90 angles to the latter,each of which provide two bearings for each of oscillating crank shafts7, oscillating and rotating crank shafts 10, each of which carry twouniversal joints 11 and on which shafts are fast wing frames 12--13,composed of a rigid spacer 13, fast on two multiple spring arms 12 whichhave secured between them sheets of silk, canvas or other flexiblematerial which forms the wings 14. Each of the wings 111 has one sidefast on the spacer 13 and two of its sides secured to the spring arms 12in such manner that the rear edge remains loose.

By this construction, the wing when in use, will have a tendency to forma scoop, and to evade the air by falling in its frame when it is movedupward, as shown in Figs.

I I and II.

By the construction of the elastic arms 12, which start in front withfour spring bars 1.8,.1926. Serial N0. 89,217.

cut'folf'istepelike 'and fend'ingin none at the rear, the'rear edge ofthe lwing-becomesy prac-V trcally non-existent, asin' the bird' wing,for

thefair may' pass it without resistance.:

Oscillating' andV rotating crank shafts 10'` although each is journaledinthe bearings of both crankl frames 9,v arer provide'd with cranks atone end only landy these connect by rods -15- 'toi cranks ofAoscillating crank 'shafts' eachoffwhic'h is provided wit-lr-one out#side crank arm 16w'hich" connects Vb'yK-.rod 17 to'crankV armA 18of'oscillatin' :f'crank-arm shaft 5, oscillated' by eccentrrcV-dis'c 8';to

which 5 is connected bycrank arm 19 and eccentric rods 20!y OscillatingA'crank shafts-7 are journaled iin hollow gear shafts 6* andhavebearin'gs each in only one-'fof the two cranki` frames 9J The--VrotationI and oscillation" of wing frames 12-13 are controlled andoperated as follows:

The motors 2 transmit power by means of universal jointed motor crankshafts 3 to hollow gear shafts 6 to which they are connected by crank,rod and like gear connections, turning crank frames 9 and eccentricdiscs 8 in a direction from above forward.

The rotation of eccentric discs 8 cause oscillation of crank arm shafts5, to which they are connected by eccentric rods 20 and crank arms 19,and then of oscillating crank shafts 7, to which crank arm shafts 5 areconnected by crank arms 18 and 16, and rods 17, and finally, of rotatingand oscillating crank shafts 10, to which oscillating crank shafts 7 areconnected by rods 15.

By this arrangement of the different parts, the wing frames fast onshafts 10, are forced to oscillate in the opposite direction to that ofthe rotation of the crank frames 9 during their downward movement, butin the same direction while being raised or to rotate and oscillate in amanner similar to that of the wings of a bird in flight, thus enablingthe wings to compress the air on the downward movement and by reason oftheir flexibility, elasticity as well as the looseness of their rearedges to evade the air on the upward movement. The elasticity of `springarms 12 also provides for the passage of air over the rear edges of thewings without resistance at all times as well as increased power ofpropulsion.

Steering in the horizontal plane is attained by operation of ruddersplaced at the rear of car or fuselage, not shown on drawing, in suchpositions as will enable them to catch the air currents thrown by thedescending wings.

Steering in the vertical plan-e may be accomplished by the increase ordecrease in the speed of the motors, as well as by rudders in thelighter machines.

What I claim is:

l. A ying machine, comprising a body having parallel arms rotatablymounted therein, said parallel arms being rotatable in a vertical planeand having horizontal oscillatable universal jointed shafts mountedtherebetween, said shafts having elastic wing frames rigidly aiiixedthereto, flexible wings with rigid front edges and loose rear edgesmounted in said frames, and means for oscillating the wing frames in thearms in such manner that their oscillation is in the opposite directionto that of the rotation of said arms in their descent but in the samedirection in their ascent.

2. A ying machine, comprising a body having parallel arms rotatablymounted therein, said parallel arms being rotatable in a vertical planeand having parallel horizontal oscillatable universal jointed shaftsmounted therebetween, said shafts having elastic wing frames rigidlyaffixed thereto, Flexible wings with rigid front edges and loose rearedges mounted in said frames, means for rotating the arms in unison andmeans for oscillating the wing frames in the arms in such manner thattheir oscillation is in the opposite direction to that of the rotationof said arms in their descent but in the same direction in their ascent.

3. A ilying machine, comprising elastic oscillatable wing frames rigidlyaffixed to parallel horizontal and universal jointed shafts oscillatablymounted in and between and moved in circular orbits by parallel .and ina vertical plane rotatable arms rotatably mounted in and at each side ofa body, flexible wings with rigid front edges and loose rear edgesmounted in said frames, means for rotating the arms in unison and meansfor oscillating the wing frames in the arms in such manner that theiroscillation is in the opposite direction to that of f

